Steering biogas performance by implementation of bioelectrochemical cell (BEC) technology

A new concept for integrating conventional anaerobic digester (AD) with bioelectrochemical cell (BEC) technology was investigated in the current study. The BEC technology can convert energy stored in organic matter directly into bioelectricity. Coupling AD with BEC could be a profitable approach that could lead to overcoming limiting factors in AD, such as hydrogen partial pressure and accumulation of volatile fatty acids, inhibiting the methanogenesis

Иноязычные коммуникации в межвоенный период и в период Второй мировой войны

The issues of theory and practice of qualitative foreign language training of the Armed Forces' officers refer to the active military policy of Russia. The purpose of the study is to identify the trends in the development of special language education for strategic intelligence through the development of specialization and professionalization of foreign language communication, on the one hand, and the actualization of attention to the operational and instrumental equipment of foreign language communications, on the other. Methods. Authors compare the Soviet Army experience accumulated between the First and Second World Wars with the current theories of linguistics, general and professional pedagogy. The analysis of existing approaches permits to identify correct, justified and erroneous solutions. Research material include historical documents (acts, laws and regulations, orders, instructions, and reviews), the works of historians, articles, memoirs and recollections. Results. Two different models of language training within professional military education of the Land Forces' officers in the post-war years remain in present day methodic. Conclusions and application. Under similar historical and organizational conditions, the military leadership of the countries engaged in active military construction can use the described positive experience and avoid the mistakes in solving problems of foreign language communication of officers.La cuestión de la gestión de la formación lingüística de los oficiales de las Fuerzas Armadas se ve actualizada en relación con la política militar activa de Rusia. El propósito del estudio es identificar tendencias en el desarrollo de la educación especial en idiomas en interés de la inteligencia estratégica a través del desarrollo de la especialización y profesionalización de la comunicación en idiomas extranjeros; y la actualización de la atención al equipo operativo e instrumental, de comunicaciones en lenguas extranjeras. Los métodos. Al mismo tiempo, la tarea de educación de calidad de los ciudadanos para los idiomas extranjeros en la escuela aún no está resuelta. En estas condiciones, es aconsejable referirse a la experiencia del Ejército Soviético acumulada entre la Primera y la Segunda Guerras Mundiales y compararla con la teoría y práctica actual de las comunicaciones extranjeras. El análisis de los enfoques de la capacitación lingüística de los oficiales permite identificar soluciones correctas, justificadas y erróneas. El material de investigación incluye documentos históricos (actos, leyes y reglamentos, órdenes, instrucciones y reseñas), trabajos de historiadores, artículos, memorias y recuerdos. Los resultados. Dos modelos diferentes de capacitación en idiomas dentro de la educación militar profesional de los oficiales de las Fuerzas Terrestres en los años de la posguerra siguen siendo metódicos en la actualidad. Conclusiones. Al estar en condiciones históricas y organizativas-pedagógicas similares, los líderes militares de los países que participan en la construcción militar activa pueden usar la experiencia positiva descrita y evitar cometer errores al resolver los problemas de comunicación en lenguas extranjeras de los oficiales.Вопрос управления языковой подготовкой офицеров Вооруженных Сил связан с активной военной политикой России. Цель исследования – выявить тенденции развития специального языкового образования в интересах стратегической разведки посредством развития специализации и профессионализации иноязычной коммуникации, с одной стороны, и актуализации внимания к операциональному и инструментальному оснащению иноязычных коммуникаций, с другой. Методология. Авторы сопоставляют опыт Советской Армии, накопленный между Первой и Второй Мировыми войнами с актуальной теорией и практикой иноязычных коммуникаций. Анализ подходов к языковой подготовке офицеров позволяет выявить правильные, оправдавшие себя, а также ошибочные решения. Материалы исследования включают исторические документы (акты, законы и постановления, приказы, инструкции и рецензии), работы историков, статьи, мемуары и воспоминания. Результаты. Две разные модели языковой подготовки в рамках профессионального военного образования офицеров в послевоенные годы остаются используемыми в современной методике, подвергаясь незначительным модификациям. Выводы и практическая значимость. Находясь в сходных исторических и организационно-педагогических условиях, военное руководство стран, осуществляющих активное военное строительство, могут использовать описанный положительный опыт и избежать ошибок в решении вопросов иноязычной коммуникации офицеров

The Peculiarities of the Social and Economic Development of the Arctic Regions Based on the Supply Chain Management: In the Framework of the Strategic Planning in the Republic of Sakha Yakutia

This research studies the problem of the peculiarities of the social and economic development of the Arctic Region. The purpose of this research was to develop a strategic approach to the social and economic management of the Arctic Regions. The authors introduced the objective approach towards the long-term development of a compound macroregion and presented recommendations regarding the long-term regional planning according to its special characteristics

Formation of multinational personnel loyalty as an organization sustainable development factor

The object of the research is represented by foreign employees working in the Russian Federation as part of the multinational personnel of the organization. The aim of the work is to develop theoretical provisions and practical recommendations to increase the level of sustainability of multinational organization development on the basis of effective management of international staff loyalty and its optimal use. The work used complementary methods of questioning and expert survey, based on the assessment - Likert scale with subsequent comparison of the actual state of management processes with expert assessments, determining the sustainability of organizational development. The system of factors influencing the formation of multinational personnel loyalty in the organization was formed, focusing on the importance of mechanisms of adaptation and motivation of foreign workers. The method of predicting the performance of enterprises on the basis of calculation of the recommended level of use of adaptation and motivation processes which form the loyalty of multinational personnel in organizations is proposed. The method is based on the expression of traditionally qualitative indicators of human resource management in quantitative formats in order to determine the regression dependences of the sustainability of organizations’ performance on the initial processes of personnel management. The scientific novelty of the research results consists in substantiating the specifics of forming the loyalty of multinational personnel and developing practical recommendations aimed at enhancing the sustainable development of multinational organizations, taking into account the cross-cultural characteristics of human resources. The application of the author's methodology and algorithm in the practice of organizations with multinational staff allows to estimate the level of actual use of factors influencing the formation of multinational staff loyalty and their significance, as well as to develop a set of measures aimed at increasing the sustainability of organization development

Global Financial Derivatives Market Development and Trading on the Example of Ukraine

Stock market of financial derivatives in Ukraine still develops. There is important to find the way how to use world experience for the domestic implementation. First of all there is a need to improve of legislative base to ensure economic and financial stability. The next way of integration process for domestic stock market of financial derivatives is stock consolidation. Before implementation of foreign experience on the stock market of Ukraine it is important to take into account of all risks which are connected with this process. This research shows appropriate steps for integration of Ukrainian stock market of financial derivatives into global scale. The article identifies the economic essence of derivatives and their types within market economy. Key trends in global derivatives trading are highlighted. Current state and organizational measures of derivatives market development in Ukraine are discussed. Price risk has become the main feature of contemporary commodity and financial markets. Globalization of world commodity and financial markets leads to rapid changes and uncertain business conditions. Under current circumstances, derivatives market provides efficient ways for price risk hedging within market economy. That is why it is important to take into consideration the contemporary state and perspectives of derivatives market in Ukraine

Concurrent treatment of raw and aerated swine wastewater using an electrotrophic denitrification system

Enhanced nitrate removal in the cathode chamber of bioelectrochemical systems (BES) using aerated swine wastewater under high nitrate levels and low organic carbon was investigated in this study, focusing on the relationship between nitrogen and bacterial communities involved in denitrification pathways. BESs with the anion exchange membrane (AEM) under cathodic applied potentials of −0.6 V vs. AgCl/AgCl reference electrode showed a removal rate of 99 ± 2 mg L−1 d−1. Moreover, organic compounds from the untreated full-strength wastewater were simultaneously eliminated in the anode chamber with a removal rate of 0.46 g COD L−1 d−1 with achieved efficiency of 61.4 ± 0.5% from an initial concentration of around 5 g of COD L−1, measured over the course of 7 days. The highest microbial diversity was detected in BESs under potentials of −0.6 V, which include autotrophic denitrifiers such as Syderoxidans, Gallionela and Thiobacillus